Notch receptors are clustered and trans-endocytosed by Delta ligand cells. Confocal micrograph of a Delta expressing cell (left) interacting with a Notch expressing cell (right). Following interaction with Delta (blue), cell surface Notch (yellow) is clustered at cell-cell interfaces. Notch extracellular domain is detected within Delta cells (green) indicative of trans-endocytosis. Endocytosis of ligand while bound to Notch may produce a force sufficient to pull Notch apart and activate signaling.
 
 
 
 
 
 

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Volume 8 issue 10 October 2007
Efficient Electroporation of DNA and Protein into Confluent and Differentiated Epithelial Cells in Culture
Ami A. Deora, Fernando Diaz, Ryan Schreiner, Enrique Rodriguez-Boulan

Supplemental Figure 1: Combined electroporation of basolateral and apical markers. Fully polarized MDCK cells were transfected by electroporation with both CD147-GFP (green) and p75-RFP (red). Both markers are correctly segregated and delivered to the plasma membrane. ZO-1 (white) was immunostained to show integrity of the epithelial monolayer. Shown is the x-z projection of the images obtained by LSCM. Bar: 10µm.

Figure 1 (.jpg)

Supplemental Figure 2: Expression of CD147-GFP in polarized monolayer of Caco-2. Caco-2 cells polarized for 3 weeks were electroporated with CD147-GFP plasmid and expression was assessed after 24 hr. Robust expression of CD147-GFP was seen without affecting integrity of the monolayer. Image was taken with LSCM with 40X objective. Bar: 20µm.

Figure 2 (.jpg)

Supplemental Table 1: Optimization of electrical parameters for efficient electroporation in Polarized MDCK cells.

High Voltage

Number of Pulses

Low Voltage

Number of Pulses

Results

250

1

25V

20

    -

300

1

5V

1

    -

 

 

5V

10

    -

 

 

5V

20

    -

300

1

25V

1

    -

 

1

25V

10

    +

 

1

25V

20

    +

300

1

50V

1

Monolayer disrupted

500

1

5V

1

Monolayer
disrupted

- : No transfectants; +: Transfected cells observed with intact monolayer

Supplemental Table 2: Determination of transfection efficiency in Caco-2 cells electroporated with CD147-GFP plasmid DNA after 24hr.

Cell line

Plasmid Concentration (µg/ml)

Number of GFP positive cells /Total number of cells counted in the fields  underneath electrode

Transfection efficiency (%)
(Mean ± S.D)

Caco-2

5

      -

0

 

10

 60/325

21.13 ± 5.62

 

30

 90/465

19.5   ± 1.45

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