Notch receptors are clustered and trans-endocytosed by Delta ligand cells. Confocal micrograph of a Delta expressing cell (left) interacting with a Notch expressing cell (right). Following interaction with Delta (blue), cell surface Notch (yellow) is clustered at cell-cell interfaces. Notch extracellular domain is detected within Delta cells (green) indicative of trans-endocytosis. Endocytosis of ligand while bound to Notch may produce a force sufficient to pull Notch apart and activate signaling.
 
 
 
 
 
 

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Volume 4 issue 1 January 2003
Membrane Traffic in Virtual Reality
François Képès

Movie 1: A plant Golgi apparatus in "virtual reality". Object movie 1 was prepared for horizontal rotation from the whole tilt series A-F shown in fig.2. It provides a reasonable comfort of vision up to 200% magnification, although the 15° tilt interval between successive micrographs is far from optimal (5° is recommanded). QTVR buttons at lower left of window: <—, back; +, zoom in; —, zoom out; ?, show hot spots. This movie is available in three formats. The '.obj' format is for computers with QTVR extensions and provides the largest possibilities. All MacOS- and some Windows-based computers should immediately read these. The '.mov' format is for Quick Time players without QTVR extensions. It can be played as "virtual reality" by holding the time pointer with the computer mouse and moving it left and right. All MacOS- and all Windows-based computers should immediately read these. The '.avi' format is for non-QuickTime players of computer movies (Windows-based), and can be used like the '.mov' format.

View movie
Kepes_movie1.mov

Movie 2: Stereoscopic scene of a maize root cell. The anaglyph of fig.3 was directly made into a QTVR panorama. A 200% magnification is appropriate for viewing. Clicking on the hot spot brings up an anaglyphic object movie of the Golgi element that can be rotated to any horizontal position between -35° and +35°. Morphing was used to decrease jitter and to fade to grey at both ends. Clicking on the hot spot (present only at appropriate angles of view) or on the Back button returns to the panorama. This movie is available in three formats. The '.scene' format is for computers with QTVR extensions and provides the largest possibilities. The '.mov' and '.avi' formats show the panorama as the still initial image and the other images constitute the object, which can be played as "virtual reality" by holding the time pointer with the computer mouse and moving it left and right.


Kepes_movie2.avi

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